WNGZWZSS0110€rЧqЧql?џџџџџџџџџџўџџџџџџџџџџџўџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџ GenevaŠ AUTOSAVE.WKZФџПƒ"ў./@4)dџџўџўџўџўџўџэIўџ JАl€(џџ D\ШXШœ$џШ€џџ№.№/h0dџ№€€@&&<A?BG@ џџ>џm@ џџ1џmo@ џџ2џz@ џџ3џIo@ CџI@ џџ6џCx@ џџ7џCs@ џџ<џVx@ џџ=џVs@ џџ4џEv@ џџ:џnomVs@ џџ9џnomVx@ џџ5џEs@ џџ?џSs@ џџ@џSx@ џџAџC@ џџBџVt@џџEџresult@џџ8џblank@ ьџџџЁџ@) {ЎGсz„?,@ 0 0/%0.џ@ ыџўџЅџ@) {ЎGсz„?,@ 0 0/%0.џ@  0  0.%  .%1џ@   .џ@ ъџ§џЅъџ§џЁ1џ@§џ /% 1џ@(   0 0%  .%0  0/%1џ@ ўџџџ“.џ@    .%1%0џ@8    0№?{ЎGсz„?,@ 0/%0.%0.џ@   1џ@8   0№?{ЎGсz„?,@ 0/%0.%0.џ@  /% 1џ@   1џ@   0/џ @  џџџџGeneva @  џџџџGeneva @  џџџџGeneva @ x џџџџGeneva @  џџџџGeneva @  џџџџSymbol @C/џџ:Simulation of the Single Standard Addition Method (linear) @y1џџmo №?џџ+Analytical curve slope without interference џџ Run number џџresult @x2џџz р?џџ-Interference factor (zero -> no interference)џџ№?MрШ`№? @x3џџIo №?џџ,Interferent concentration in original sampleџџ@]Ќ‡TА№? @l4џџEv №?џџ Random volumetric error (% RSD )џџ@ш$ЭЌ2№? @l5џџEs џџ Signal measurement error (% RSD)џџ@M Ÿў8Ћя? @}6џџCx №?џџ1Analyte concentration in original sample solutionџџ@ГУ?‘Чя? @n7џџCs Y@џџ"Concentration of standard solutionџџ@…ŠЂ%.9я? @i8џџblank џџ(Uncorrected) blank signalџџ@cwї‰Ф№? @€9џџnomVx $@џџ1Nominal volume of sample solution before additionџџ @^ч, a№? @y:џџnomVs №?џџ*Nominal volume of standard added to sampleџџ"@rЌWТя? @(;џџ$@ ‹FRя? @j<џџVx5 l+!>BG$@џџActual volume taken originallyџџ&@>iqЯјя? @k=џџVs5 эUн№?џџActual volume of standard addedџџ(@Pт_U №? @r>џџm% р?џџ'Analytical curve slope in actual sampleџџ*@‡ёZ{d№? @m?џџSs5 ‚R­OШ@џџ!Signal after addition of standardџџ,@ќ‚ьД‘Ўя? @n@џџSx5  р?џџ"Signal before addition of standardџџ.@lшb4”.№? @{AџџC5 ‚R­OШ#@џџ0Analyte concentration after addition of standardџџ0@Х_pч3j№? @gBџџVt5 ъ‹Сш}G&@џџTotal volume after additionџџ1@fЄА2ѓАя? @rCџџI5  ™ боE э?џџ,Interferent concentration in addition sampleџџ2@,w_€Ў#№? @[Dџџratio5  ‚R­OШ#@џџRatio of Ss to Sxџџ3@ z.ЁŽ№? @oEџџresult5  ?ЛR{™1№?џџ$Result calculated from equation 6-16 џџ4@ ~„~гP№? @cFџџaccuracy52 €Ÿ]ЉНЬˆ?џџRelative percent accuracyџџMean%3#]_9№? @rGџџrecovery52 р?џџ+Relative % effect of interference on signalџџs%ъc}ЏЃ‹? @Hџџ% RSD%20ƒц•‹? @!I џџAccuracy% 2fFКОr`? @$Jџџ total error%2 АБ•1В?€@Ь@ЪС0;џџџџџџџџџџ€z€ЊždHLџџџџџџџџџџџџџ Chicago Geneva!!@d,Based on Ingle and Crouch, вSpectrochemical Analysisг, Chapter 6, page 178-179. The group of variables in the top left of the screen are independent variables that you can change. Click on the number (boldface), type a new value and press the enter key. The group of variables in the bottom left of the screen are dependent variables that are automatically calculated from the independent variables. The most important dependent variable is result, which is the simulated experimental measurement of the analyte concentration Cx by standard addition. It should ideally be equal to Cx; accuracy is the % difference between them. To inspect the equations that perform these calculations, click on the number and look at the rectangular box at the top of the screen. To operate the Monte-Carlo simulation, set the values of the independent variables, and then click on the в20 repeat runsг button. This simulates the 20 spearate standard addition experiments with random errors caused by Es and Ev. The results are shown in the table on the right of the screen. Assumptions: 1. Analytical curve is linear 2. The only sources of error are random errors in volume and signal measure-ment. Errors are a fixed percentage of the quantity measured (fixed relative error rather than fixed absolute error).  Geneva Geneva((ѕњНУJLNVсушъ€q20 repeat runs пЗ•IJ20 repeat runse?777§§§ 2Iџ§§§ 2Iџ§№?є4@№?4@№?ї.єѕ0§§& resultџRI@.5C95џДџ§=avg(R51C9..R70C9)Fџ§=std(R51C9..R70C9)Gџ§0$=std(R51C9..R70C9)/avg(R51C9..R70C9)Hџ§=(R71C9-Cx)/CxIџќcountrepaint off define count column numbers select range R51C9..R74C9 remove data unselect repaint range R51C9..R74C9 repaint on for count = 1 to 20 recalc put result into "R"&50+count&"C9" end for put "=avg(R51C9..R70C9)" into R71C9 put "=std(R51C9..R70C9)" into R72C9 put "=std(R51C9..R70C9)/avg(R51C9..R70C9)" into R73C9 put "=(R71C9-Cx)/Cx" into R74C9 џџџ4џџџџџџџџџџ Chicago Chicago2€€џ